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Vijayanagara Empire: Administration, Art, and Economy
July 19, 20265 min read
Vijayanagara Empire: Administration, Art, and Economy
Introduction
The Vijayanagara Empire (1336-1646 CE) was one of the most significant medieval South Indian empires. It acted as a bulwark against Islamic invasions from the Deccan, preserving and promoting Hindu culture, architecture, and administration. At its zenith under Krishnadevaraya (1509-1529), the empire controlled most of peninsular India south of the Tungabhadra.
Foundation and Dynastic History
Founding
- Founded by: Harihara I and Bukka Raya I (sons of Sangama), 1336 CE
- Inspiration: Sage Vidyaranya is said to have inspired the founders
- Initial capital: Anegundi; later Hampi (on Tungabhadra banks)
Four Dynasties
| Dynasty | Period | Notable Rulers | Key Events |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sangama | 1336-1485 | Harihara I, Bukka I, Devaraya II | Expansion against Madurai Sultanate, Bahmani conflicts |
| Saluva | 1485-1505 | Saluva Narasimha | Coup against Sangama; regained lost territories |
| Tuluva | 1505-1570 | Krishnadevaraya, Achyutaraya | Zenith of empire; Battle of Talikota (1565) |
| Aravidu | 1570-1646 | Tirumala, Venkata II |
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