United Nations Reforms: India's Bid for UNSC Seat
Introduction
The United Nations, founded in 1945, remains the primary multilateral institution for global peace and security. However, its structures - particularly the Security Council - reflect the geopolitical realities of 1945 rather than the 21st century. India, as the world's largest democracy and fastest-growing major economy, has been a leading voice for UN reforms, including a permanent seat in a reformed Security Council. The call for reform has gained momentum with Global South solidarity, shifting power dynamics, and the manifest inability of the current structure to address modern conflicts.
The UN Charter and Current Structure
UN Principal Organs
| Organ | Function | Composition |
|---|---|---|
| General Assembly | Deliberative, budgetary, elective | 193 members (1 country, 1 vote) |
| Security Council | International peace and security | 15 members (5P + 10E) |
| Economic and Social Council | Development coordination | 54 members |
| Secretariat | Administrative | Secretary-General + staff |
| International Court of Justice | Legal disputes | 15 judges |
| Trusteeship Council | Suspended operation |
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