President of India: Powers, Election, and Impeachment
TOPIC CLASSIFICATION
Subject: Polity | Topic: Union Executive Sub-topic: President of India - Election, Powers (Executive, Legislative, Financial, Judicial, Emergency), Impeachment Prelims Focus: Election process (single transferable vote), eligibility, oaths, impeachment process Mains Focus: President as constitutional head, exercise of discretionary powers, ordinance-making, pardoning power
EXAMINER REASONING
The President of India is the constitutional head of the Union Executive. UPSC Prelims focuses on election mechanics (value of votes, quota), eligibility, and impeachment procedure. Mains questions analyse the President's discretionary powers, the scope of Article 74 (aid and advice), and the President's role during emergencies.
Core Concept
The President of India is the Head of the State and the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. Under Article 53, the executive power of the Union is vested in the President - exercised directly or through subordinate officers in accordance with the Constitution.
Election Process
| Aspect | Detail |
|---|---|
| Electoral College | Elected MPs (Lok Sabha + Rajya Sabha) + Elected MLAs of all states + Elected members of Legislative Assemblies of Delhi and Puducherry |
| Voting System | Single Transferable Vote (STV) - proportional representation |
| Value of Vote (MP) | Calculated by... |
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